據了解(jie)，2014年(nian)(nian)(nian)浙江省(sheng)(sheng)船(chuan)舶全(quan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)累計出口32.8億美(mei)元，下(xia)降5.1%，降幅比去年(nian)(nian)(nian)同(tong)期減(jian)緩39個百分點(dian)，特別是12月(yue)，單月(yue)出口達6.9億美(mei)元，增長2.3倍，回暖趨勢明顯。我省(sheng)(sheng)船(chuan)舶80%以(yi)上(shang)出口，從(cong)全(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)船(chuan)企手持訂(ding)單情(qing)況(kuang)看，今年(nian)(nian)(nian)出口形勢將比上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)略有好轉(zhuan)。 

2014年總體情況 

2014年(nian)，浙江省船(chuan)舶出(chu)(chu)口(kou)有(you)6個單(dan)(dan)月(yue)出(chu)(chu)現兩位數下(xia)(xia)降，7、8月(yue)份略有(you)好轉，到11、12月(yue)份，船(chuan)舶市(shi)場(chang)開始向好，兩月(yue)單(dan)(dan)月(yue)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)分別達3.3億(yi)美(mei)(mei)元(yuan)和(he)6.9億(yi)美(mei)(mei)元(yuan)，同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長49%和(he)231%。主要(yao)船(chuan)舶出(chu)(chu)口(kou)地區情況：舟山市(shi)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)21.2億(yi)美(mei)(mei)元(yuan)，占比(bi)(bi)65%，增(zeng)長3%；寧(ning)波市(shi)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)10.1億(yi)美(mei)(mei)元(yuan)，占比(bi)(bi)31%，下(xia)(xia)降14%；臺州市(shi)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)8308萬(wan)美(mei)(mei)元(yuan)，占比(bi)(bi)3%，下(xia)(xia)降28%；溫州市(shi)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)3567萬(wan)美(mei)(mei)元(yuan)，占比(bi)(bi)1%，下(xia)(xia)降19%。主要(yao)造船(chuan)指(zhi)標： 全年(nian)完工船(chuan)舶488艘，552.6萬(wan)載(zai)(zai)重(zhong)噸(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun)，同(tong)比(bi)(bi)下(xia)(xia)降11%；新接(jie)船(chuan)舶訂(ding)(ding)單(dan)(dan)497艘，775.6萬(wan)載(zai)(zai)重(zhong)噸(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun)，同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長7%；手(shou)持訂(ding)(ding)單(dan)(dan)621艘，2167.1萬(wan)載(zai)(zai)重(zhong)噸(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun)，同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長8%。舟山市(shi)情況：造船(chuan)完工量(liang)467萬(wan)載(zai)(zai)重(zhong)噸(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun)，比(bi)(bi)上年(nian)增(zeng)加2萬(wan)載(zai)(zai)重(zhong)噸(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun)；新接(jie)訂(ding)(ding)單(dan)(dan)655萬(wan)載(zai)(zai)重(zhong)噸(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun)，比(bi)(bi)上年(nian)增(zeng)長2萬(wan)載(zai)(zai)重(zhong)噸(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun)；手(shou)持訂(ding)(ding)單(dan)(dan)1882萬(wan)載(zai)(zai)重(zhong)噸(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun)，比(bi)(bi)上年(nian)增(zeng)加74萬(wan)載(zai)(zai)重(zhong)噸(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun)(dun)。 

船舶出口主要特點 

1、出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)型(xing)以散貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)型(xing) 船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)廠 買(mai)賣(mai)(mai))和集裝箱(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)型(xing) 船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)廠 買(mai)賣(mai)(mai))為主。浙江省2014年出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶中(zhong)，散貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)12.7億(yi)(yi)美元(yuan) 占出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶比重的39%；6000標(biao)箱(xiang)及以下的集裝箱(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)3.9億(yi)(yi)美元(yuan) 占比12%；液貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)型(xing) 船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)廠 買(mai)賣(mai)(mai))，包括成品油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)型(xing) 船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)廠 買(mai)賣(mai)(mai))、原油(you)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、液化石油(you)氣船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)型(xing) 船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)廠 買(mai)賣(mai)(mai))等，出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)2.2億(yi)(yi)美元(yuan) 占比7%。舟(zhou)山歐華、揚帆等6家主要出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)企，去年12月交付的15條(tiao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶中(zhong)，集裝箱(xiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、散貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)有9條(tiao)。

2、市場多元(yuan)(yuan)化。2014年(nian)我省有船舶(bo)出(chu)口額(e)（1萬(wan)美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)元(yuan)(yuan)以上）的國家和地區達110個(ge)，金額(e)超過1億(yi)美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)元(yuan)(yuan)的有8個(ge)。其中，香港、巴(ba)拿馬、馬耳他列前三位(wei)，全年(nian)累計出(chu)口分別為5.9億(yi)美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)元(yuan)(yuan)、3.4億(yi)美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)元(yuan)(yuan)和3.2億(yi)美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)元(yuan)(yuan)，占(zhan)船舶(bo)出(chu)口總額(e)的38%。 

3、新(xin)造(zao)(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)價格偏低。由于人(ren)工費用持續上漲，融資(zi)成本(ben)增大(da)，管理費用上升，造(zao)(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)技術(shu)要(yao)求提高，船(chuan)(chuan)企造(zao)(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)成本(ben)在逐年增大(da)，但全球航運市(shi)場持續低迷，競爭激烈，船(chuan)(chuan)價很難(nan)提高。從舟山主要(yao)船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)出口企業了解到，以散貨船(chuan)(chuan)為例，目前船(chuan)(chuan)價跟船(chuan)(chuan)價*好年份(fen)相比(bi)跌價近50%；其他船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)跌價也(ye)達30%左(zuo)右。 

4、新(xin)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)訂(ding)單(dan)集中(zhong)在(zai)骨(gu)干船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)企(qi)。2014年舟(zhou)山市船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)企(qi)新(xin)接訂(ding)單(dan)655萬載重噸，與去年基(ji)本持平，占全省(sheng)新(xin)接訂(ding)單(dan)的(de)85%。除舟(zhou)山常(chang)石(shi)(位置(zhi) 評論(lun) 新(xin)聞)造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)每年按(an)計劃(hua)建造(zao)近150萬載重噸新(xin)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)外，其他幾(ji)家骨(gu)干船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶企(qi)業，如揚帆、歐(ou)華、中(zhong)遠船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)務、金海(hai)重工(gong)(位置(zhi) 評論(lun) 新(xin)聞)、增洲造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(位置(zhi) 評論(lun) 新(xin)聞 招聘)等近十家船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)企(qi)，都接到批量造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)的(de)訂(ding)單(dan)。相反，許(xu)多中(zhong)小船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)企(qi)，或手無訂(ding)單(dan)，或關門息(xi)業。預計隨著國家工(gong)信(xin)部“造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)白(bai)名單(dan)”制度出爐，造(zao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)行業的(de)優勝劣汰趨勢將會加速。 

今年出口預測 

舟山市(shi)預(yu)測，該市(shi)2013年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)新(xin)(xin)接(jie)的船(chuan)舶(bo)訂(ding)單(dan)653萬(wan)載(zai)重(zhong)噸（同(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)84%）交船(chuan)期集中(zhong)在2014年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)四(si)季度(du)及2015年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)、2014年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)上(shang)半(ban)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)新(xin)(xin)接(jie)訂(ding)單(dan)474萬(wan)載(zai)重(zhong)噸（同(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)36%）部分交船(chuan)期在2015年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，如果資(zi)金狀況有(you)所好(hao)轉(zhuan)，該市(shi)今年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)船(chuan)舶(bo)出(chu)(chu)口將增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)15%左右。從全省情況看(kan)，雖然主(zhu)要出(chu)(chu)口船(chuan)企新(xin)(xin)接(jie)訂(ding)單(dan)、手持訂(ding)單(dan)比上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)有(you)所增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)，但(dan)受國際油(you)價(jia)、干(gan)散(san)貨運價(jia)下跌以及船(chuan)價(jia)低、融(rong)資(zi)難(nan)等(deng)影響(xiang)，預(yu)計今年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全省船(chuan)舶(bo)出(chu)(chu)口不會出(chu)(chu)現大幅增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)，但(dan)比2014年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)將略有(you)好(hao)轉(zhuan)。